The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

XII.d

Myocarditis (can be fulminant)

Publications

Boscutti A, Cereda G, Lazzaretti M, Enrico P, Fiorentini A, Prunas C, Callari A, Fontana E, Delvecchio G, Brambilla P

Successful clozapine rechallenge after myopericarditis: a case report.

International clinical psychopharmacology. 2022;37(4):179-181

Khalid M, Jegede O, Gayam V, Yang YC, Shrestha B, Mandal A, Mukhtar O, Garlapati P, Khalid M, Dufresne A

Clozapine-Induced Cardiotoxicity Presenting as Sepsis: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Case reports in medicine. 2019;2019:3435108

Rhee DW, Diuguid-Gerber J, Kondracke A

Five Cases of Clozapine-Associated Cardiotoxicity and Implications for Monitoring.

Psychosomatics. 2019;60(5):524-527

de la Fuente J, Hicks SB, Anavekar NS

40-Year-Old Man With Fatigue, Dyspnea, and Nausea.

Mayo Clinic proceedings. 2019;94(1):e1-e6

Cheng A, Ahmed M, Shuaib W

Intravenous Immunoglobulin and Methylprednisolone for Clozapine-Associated Perimyocarditis.

American journal of therapeutics. 2019;26(4):e485-e486

Li KJ, Gurrera RJ, Delisi LE

Potentially fatal outcomes associated with clozapine.

Schizophrenia research. 2018;199:386-389

Chopra N, de Leon J

Clozapine-induced myocarditis may be associated with rapid titration: A case report verified with autopsy.

International journal of psychiatry in medicine. 2016;51(1):104-15

Cohen R, Lysenko A, Mallet T, Mirrer B, Gale M, Loarte P, McCue R

A Case of Clozapine-Induced Myocarditis in a Young Patient with Bipolar Disorder.

Case reports in cardiology. 2015;2015:283156

Ronaldson KJ, Fitzgerald PB, McNeil JJ

Clozapine-induced myocarditis, a widely overlooked adverse reaction.

Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. 2015;132(4):231-40

De Berardis D, Serroni N, Campanella D, Olivieri L, Ferri F, Carano A, Cavuto M, Martinotti G, Cicconetti A, Piersanti M, Saverio Moschetta F, Di Giannantonio M

Update on the adverse effects of clozapine: focus on myocarditis.

Current drug safety. 2012;7(1):55-62

Ronaldson KJ, Fitzgerald PB, Taylor AJ, Topliss DJ, McNeil JJ

A new monitoring protocol for clozapine-induced myocarditis based on an analysis of 75 cases and 94 controls.

The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry. 2011;45(6):458-65

Haas SJ, Hill R, Krum H, Liew D, Tonkin A, Demos L, Stephan K, McNeil J

Clozapine-associated myocarditis: a review of 116 cases of suspected myocarditis associated with the use of clozapine in Australia during 1993-2003.

Drug safety. 2007;30(1):47-57

Pieroni M, Cavallaro R, Chimenti C, Smeraldi E, Frustaci A

Clozapine-induced hypersensitivity myocarditis.

Chest. 2004;126(5):1703-5