The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

LI.d

Myocarditis (can be fulminant)

Publications

Boscutti A, Cereda G, Lazzaretti M, Enrico P, Fiorentini A, Prunas C, Callari A, Fontana E, Delvecchio G, Brambilla P

Successful clozapine rechallenge after myopericarditis: a case report.

International clinical psychopharmacology 2022 07 01;37;179-181 — 2022 07 01 — 179-181

Khalid M, Jegede O, Gayam V, Yang YC, Shrestha B, Mandal A, Mukhtar O, Garlapati P, Khalid M, Dufresne A

Clozapine-Induced Cardiotoxicity Presenting as Sepsis: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Case reports in medicine 2019;2019;3435108 — 2019 — 3435108

Rhee DW, Diuguid-Gerber J, Kondracke A

Five Cases of Clozapine-Associated Cardiotoxicity and Implications for Monitoring.

Psychosomatics 2018 Nov 24;; — 2018 Nov 24

de la Fuente J, Hicks SB, Anavekar NS

40-Year-Old Man With Fatigue, Dyspnea, and Nausea.

Mayo Clinic proceedings 2019 01;94;e1-e6 — 2019 01 — e1-e6

Cheng A, Ahmed M, Shuaib W

Intravenous Immunoglobulin and Methylprednisolone for Clozapine-Associated Perimyocarditis.

American journal of therapeutics 2018 Mar 28;; — 2018 Mar 28

Li KJ, Gurrera RJ, Delisi LE

Potentially fatal outcomes associated with clozapine.

Schizophrenia research 2018 09;199;386-389 — 2018 09 — 386-389

Chopra N, de Leon J

Clozapine-induced myocarditis may be associated with rapid titration: A case report verified with autopsy.

International journal of psychiatry in medicine 2016;51;104-15 — 2016 — 104-15

Cohen R, Lysenko A, Mallet T, Mirrer B, Gale M, Loarte P, McCue R

A Case of Clozapine-Induced Myocarditis in a Young Patient with Bipolar Disorder.

Case reports in cardiology 2015;2015;283156 — 2015 — 283156

Ronaldson KJ, Fitzgerald PB, McNeil JJ

Clozapine-induced myocarditis, a widely overlooked adverse reaction.

Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica 2015 Oct;132;231-40 — 2015 Oct — 231-40

De Berardis D, Serroni N, Campanella D, Olivieri L, Ferri F, Carano A, Cavuto M, Martinotti G, Cicconetti A, Piersanti M, Saverio Moschetta F, Di Giannantonio M

Update on the adverse effects of clozapine: focus on myocarditis.

Current drug safety 2012 Feb;7;55-62 — 2012 Feb — 55-62

Ronaldson KJ, Fitzgerald PB, Taylor AJ, Topliss DJ, McNeil JJ

A new monitoring protocol for clozapine-induced myocarditis based on an analysis of 75 cases and 94 controls.

The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry 2011 Jun;45;458-65 — 2011 Jun — 458-65

Haas SJ, Hill R, Krum H, Liew D, Tonkin A, Demos L, Stephan K, McNeil J

Clozapine-associated myocarditis: a review of 116 cases of suspected myocarditis associated with the use of clozapine in Australia during 1993-2003.

Drug safety 2007;30;47-57 — 2007 — 47-57

Pieroni M, Cavallaro R, Chimenti C, Smeraldi E, Frustaci A

Clozapine-induced hypersensitivity myocarditis.

Chest 2004 Nov;126;1703-5 — 2004 Nov — 1703-5