The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

XLV.c

Pleural thickening - Fibrothorax

Publications

Pfitzenmeyer P, Foucher P, Dennewald G, Chevalon B, Debieuvre D, Bensa P, Piard F, Camus P

Pleuropulmonary changes induced by ergoline drugs.

The European respiratory journal 1996 May;9;1013-9 — 1996 May — 1013-9

Malaquin F, Urban T, Ostinelli J, Ghedira H, Lacronique J

Pleural and retroperitoneal fibrosis from dihydroergotamine.

The New England journal of medicine 1989 Dec 21;321;1760 — 1989 Dec 21 — 1760