Back to drug

The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

I.g

Pulmonary fibrosis

The fibrosis caused by nitrosoureas has the reputation for being severe, progressive and fatal

Publications

Lohani S, O'Driscoll BR, Woodcock AA

25-year study of lung fibrosis following carmustine therapy for brain tumor in childhood.

Chest. 2004;126(3):1007

Parish JM, Muhm JR, Leslie KO

Upper lobe pulmonary fibrosis associated with high-dose chemotherapy containing BCNU for bone marrow transplantation.

Mayo Clinic proceedings. 2003;78(5):630-4

Schmitz N, Diehl V

Carmustine and the lungs .

Lancet (London, England). 1997;349(9067):1712-3

Rubio C, Hill ME, Milan S, O'Brien ME, Cunningham D

Idiopathic pneumonia syndrome after high-dose chemotherapy for relapsed Hodgkin's disease.

British journal of cancer. 1997;75(7):1044-8

O'Driscoll BR, Kalra S, Gattamaneni HR, Woodcock AA

Late carmustine lung fibrosis. Age at treatment may influence severity and survival.

Chest. 1995;107(5):1355-7

Patten GA, Billi JE, Rotman HH

Rapidly progressive, fatal pulmonary fibrosis induced by carmustine.

JAMA. 1980;244(7):687-8

Lieberman A, Ruoff M, Estey E, Seidman I, Lieberman I, Wise A

Irreversible pulmonary toxicity after single course of BCNU.

The American journal of the medical sciences. 1980;279(1):53-6

Melato M, Tuveri G

Pulmonary fibrosis following low-dose 1,3-bis (2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) therapy.

Cancer. 1980;45(6):1311-4

Ryan BR, Walters TR

Pulmonary fibrosis: a complication of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) therapy.

Cancer. 1981;48(4):909-11

Somló P, Révész T

Chemotherapy-induced fatal pulmonary fibrosis.

Neoplasma. 1984;31(6):739-44

Weiss RB, Poster DS, Penta JS

The nitrosoureas and pulmonary toxicity.

Cancer treatment reviews. 1981;8(2):111-25

Weiss RB, Muggia FM

Cytotoxic drug-induced pulmonary disease: update 1980.

The American journal of medicine. 1980;68(2):259-66

Limper AH, McDonald JA

Delayed pulmonary fibrosis after nitrosourea therapy.

The New England journal of medicine. 1990;323(6):407-9

O'Driscoll BR, Hasleton PS, Taylor PM, Poulter LW, Gattameneni HR, Woodcock AA

Active lung fibrosis up to 17 years after chemotherapy with carmustine (BCNU) in childhood.

The New England journal of medicine. 1990;323(6):378-82

Hasleton PS, O'Driscoll BR, Lynch P, Webster A, Kalra SJ, Gattamaneini HR, Woodcock AA, Poulter LW

Late BCNU lung: a light and ultrastructural study on the delayed effect of BCNU on the lung parenchyma.

The Journal of pathology. 1991;164(1):31-6

Crittenden D, Tranum BL, Haut A

Pulmonary fibrosis after prolonged therapy with 1,3-bis (2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea.

Chest. 1977;72(3):372-3

Weiss RB, Muggia FM

Pulmonary effects of carmustine (bischloroethylnitrosourea, BCNU).

Annals of internal medicine. 1979;91(1):131-2

Richter JE, Hastedt R, Dalton JF, Marshall D, Raymond LW

Pulmonary toxicity of bischloronitrosourea: report of a case with transient response to corticosteroid therapy.

Cancer. 1979;43(5):1607-12

Durant JR, Norgard MJ, Murad TM, Bartolucci AA, Langford KH

Pulmonary toxicity associated with bischloroethylnitrosourea (BCNU).

Annals of internal medicine. 1979;90(2):191-4