The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App
Frequency - Incidence
Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases
Evidence level/grade
Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic
Pulmonary fibrosis
The fibrosis caused by nitrosoureas has the reputation for being severe, progressive and fatal
Publications
25-year study of lung fibrosis following carmustine therapy for brain tumor in childhood.
Chest 2004 Sep;126;1007 — 2004 Sep — 1007
Upper lobe pulmonary fibrosis associated with high-dose chemotherapy containing BCNU for bone marrow transplantation.
Mayo Clinic proceedings 2003 May;78;630-4 — 2003 May — 630-4
Carmustine and the lungs .
Lancet (London, England) 1997 Jun 14;349;1712-3 — 1997 Jun 14 — 1712-3
Idiopathic pneumonia syndrome after high-dose chemotherapy for relapsed Hodgkin's disease.
British journal of cancer 1997;75;1044-8 — 1997 — 1044-8
Late carmustine lung fibrosis. Age at treatment may influence severity and survival.
Chest 1995 May;107;1355-7 — 1995 May — 1355-7
Rapidly progressive, fatal pulmonary fibrosis induced by carmustine.
JAMA 1980 Aug 15;244;687-8 — 1980 Aug 15 — 687-8
Irreversible pulmonary toxicity after single course of BCNU.
The American journal of the medical sciences 1980 Jan-Feb;279;53-6 — 1980 Jan-Feb — 53-6
Pulmonary fibrosis following low-dose 1,3-bis (2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) therapy.
Cancer 1980 Mar 15;45;1311-4 — 1980 Mar 15 — 1311-4
Pulmonary fibrosis: a complication of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) therapy.
Cancer 1981 Aug 15;48;909-11 — 1981 Aug 15 — 909-11
Chemotherapy-induced fatal pulmonary fibrosis.
Neoplasma 1984;31;739-44 — 1984 — 739-44
The nitrosoureas and pulmonary toxicity.
Cancer treatment reviews 1981 Jun;8;111-25 — 1981 Jun — 111-25
Cytotoxic drug-induced pulmonary disease: update 1980.
The American journal of medicine 1980 Feb;68;259-66 — 1980 Feb — 259-66
Delayed pulmonary fibrosis after nitrosourea therapy.
The New England journal of medicine 1990 Aug 09;323;407-9 — 1990 Aug 09 — 407-9
Active lung fibrosis up to 17 years after chemotherapy with carmustine (BCNU) in childhood.
The New England journal of medicine 1990 Aug 09;323;378-82 — 1990 Aug 09 — 378-82
Late BCNU lung: a light and ultrastructural study on the delayed effect of BCNU on the lung parenchyma.
The Journal of pathology 1991 May;164;31-6 — 1991 May — 31-6
Pulmonary fibrosis after prolonged therapy with 1,3-bis (2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea.
Chest 1977 Sep;72;372-3 — 1977 Sep — 372-3
Pulmonary effects of carmustine (bischloroethylnitrosourea, BCNU)
Annals of internal medicine 1979 Jul;91;131-2 — 1979 Jul — 131-2
Pulmonary toxicity of bischloronitrosourea: report of a case with transient response to corticosteroid therapy.
Cancer 1979 May;43;1607-12 — 1979 May — 1607-12
Pulmonary toxicity associated with bischloroethylnitrosourea (BCNU).
Annals of internal medicine 1979 Feb;90;191-4 — 1979 Feb — 191-4