The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

I.a

Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may produce the ARDS pattern)

The restrictive lung dysfunction may be out of proportion with the mild changes seen on imaging

Publications

Ananthakrishnan AN, Attila T, Otterson MF, Lipchik RJ, Massey BT, Komorowski RA, Binion DG

Severe pulmonary toxicity after azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine initiation for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

Journal of clinical gastroenterology. 2007;41(7):682-8

Nagy F, Molnar T, Makula E, Kiss I, Milassin P, Zollei E, Tiszlavicz L, Lonovics J

A case of interstitial pneumonitis in a patient with ulcerative colitis treated with azathioprine.

World journal of gastroenterology. 2007;13(2):316-9

Rubin G, Baume P, Vandenberg R

Azathioprin nd acute restrictive lung disese.

Australian and New Zealand journal of medicine. 1972;2(3):272-4

Weisenburger DD

Interstitial pneumonitis associated with azathioprine therapy.

American journal of clinical pathology. 1978;69(2):181-5