The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

IX.d

Respiratory failure from ventilatory depression (due to neuromuscular blockade/paralysis)

Publications

Wu L, Lalwani K, Hook KA, Almario BM, Fu R, Edmunds B

Respiratory complications associated with ketamine anesthesia for ophthalmic procedures following intraocular pressure measurement in children.

Journal of anaesthesiology, clinical pharmacology 2014 Apr;30;253-7 — 2014 Apr — 253-7

Melendez E, Bachur R

Serious adverse events during procedural sedation with ketamine.

Pediatric emergency care 2009 May;25;325-8 — 2009 May — 325-8

Gahlinger PM

Club drugs: MDMA, gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), Rohypnol, and ketamine.

American family physician 2004 Jun 01;69;2619-26 — 2004 Jun 01 — 2619-26