The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

XII.b

Valvular heart disease and/or dysfunction

Publications

Patel SM, Ohori NP, Badhwar V, Cavalcante JL

From headache to heartache: ergotamine-induced aortic and mitral valvulopathy.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2013;62(22):2144

Andrejak M, Tribouilloy C

Drug-induced valvular heart disease: an update.

Archives of cardiovascular diseases. 2013;106(5):333-9

Bois JP, Ponnada VV, O'Cochlain DF, Brady PA, Edwards WD, Klarich KW

Ergotamine-associated valvulopathy with recurrent chylous pleural effusion.

Texas Heart Institute journal. 2012;39(5):736-8

Bhattacharyya S, Schapira AH, Mikhailidis DP, Davar J

Drug-induced fibrotic valvular heart disease.

Lancet (London, England). 2009;374(9689):577-85

Austin SM, el-Hayek A, Comianos M, Tamulonis DJ

Mitral valve disease associated with long-term ergotamine use.

Southern medical journal. 1993;86(10):1179-81