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The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website

Philippe Camus, M.D.

Dijon, France

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Levamisole-adulterated/tainted cocaine

5

XI.n Neutropenia, agranulocytosis (w/wo infection/sepsis)

3
Last update : 22/09/2015
 
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Identify causative drugs
Diagnosing DIRD
1
Drug and radiation history
2
Drug singularity - Correct identification of the drug
3
Consistent timing of exposure v. onset of symptoms
4
Clinical, imaging, BAL, pathological pattern consistent with the specific drug
5
Careful exlusion of another cause
6
Remission of symptoms with removal of drug
7
Recurrence with rechallenge (rarely advisable)
8
Causality assessment
More detailed checklist
See also under
Abused drugs/substances (illicit-, street drugs - IV/inhaled)
5
Aminorex
5
Cocaine
5
Crack cocaine
5
Levamisole
4

Publications

Recurrent Levamisole-Induced Agranulocytosis Complicated by Bowel Ischemia in a Cocaine User.
The American journal of case reports 2018 Jun 01;19;630-633 2018 Jun 01
Cocaine/levamisole-associated autoimmune syndrome: a disease of neutrophil-mediated autoimmunity.
Current opinion in hematology 2018 Jan;25;29-36 2018 Jan
Levamisole tainted cocaine: an emerging health issue.
QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians 2014 Aug;107;655-6 2014 Aug
Levamisole-contaminated cocaine: an emergent cause of vasculitis and skin necrosis.
Case reports in medicine 2014;2014;434717 2014
Levamisole exposure and hematologic indices in cocaine users.
Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine 2011 Nov;18;1141-7 2011 Nov

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