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Diagnosing DIRD
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The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website
Philippe Camus, M.D.
Dijon, France
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Drugs
Patterns
XI.bj
Hemolytic anemia
See also under 'Methemoglobinemia' in section XIV
Last update :
01/01/1970
Causative drugs
1
Amyl-nitrite, butyl-nitrite, isobutyl-nitrite ('Poppers')
VIII.d
VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.d - Thermal (burns, frostbite), chemical or caustic injury on the face, mouth, tongue, pharynx or upper airway
XI.a
XI - Miscellaneous
XI.a - Cyanosis, a low SpO2 and normal measured PaO2
XI.bj
XI - Miscellaneous
XI.bj - Hemolytic anemia
XIV.a
XIV - Hemoglobinopathies - Abnormal hemoglobin states (acquired)
XIV.a - Methemoglobinemia
2
1
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Identify causative drugs
Diagnosing DIRD
1
Drug and radiation history
2
Drug singularity - Correct identification of the drug
3
Consistent timing of exposure v. onset of symptoms
4
Clinical, imaging, BAL, pathological pattern consistent with the specific drug
5
Careful exlusion of another cause
6
Remission of symptoms with removal of drug
7
Recurrence with rechallenge (rarely advisable)
8
Causality assessment
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