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Diagnosing DIRD
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The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website
Philippe Camus, M.D.
Dijon, France
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Drugs
Patterns
Apixaban
2
I.b
Pneumonitis (ILD)
1
Last update :
23/05/2018
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Identify causative drugs
Diagnosing DIRD
1
Drug and radiation history
2
Drug singularity - Correct identification of the drug
3
Consistent timing of exposure v. onset of symptoms
4
Clinical, imaging, BAL, pathological pattern consistent with the specific drug
5
Careful exlusion of another cause
6
Remission of symptoms with removal of drug
7
Recurrence with rechallenge (rarely advisable)
8
Causality assessment
More detailed checklist
See also under
Anticoagulants, direct oral (anti-thrombin, -IIa, -Xa) - NOAC
Publications
Drug-induced interstitial lung disease: Indictment for apixaban.
A case of apixaban-associated idiopathic interstitial pneumonia.
Direct Oral Anticoagulants and Interstitial Lung Disease: Emerging Clues from Pharmacovigilance.
Development of Interstitial Lung Disease after Initiation of Apixaban Anticoagulation Therapy.