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Diagnosing DIRD
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The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website
Philippe Camus, M.D.
Dijon, France
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Drugs
Patterns
Semustine (methyl-CCNU)
1
XV.i
Path: Pneumocyte atypia (reactive epithelial cells) (a.k.a. the "Napoleon Hat" sign)
1
Last update :
17/12/2013
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Identify causative drugs
Diagnosing DIRD
1
Drug and radiation history
2
Drug singularity - Correct identification of the drug
3
Consistent timing of exposure v. onset of symptoms
4
Clinical, imaging, BAL, pathological pattern consistent with the specific drug
5
Careful exlusion of another cause
6
Remission of symptoms with removal of drug
7
Recurrence with rechallenge (rarely advisable)
8
Causality assessment
More detailed checklist
See also under
Bendamustine
Carmustine (BCNU)
Fotemustine
Lomustine (CCNU)
Nitrosoureas (suffixes '-NU', '-mustine')
Publications
Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis as a complication of prolonged methyl-CCNU therapy.