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Diagnosing DIRD
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The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website
Philippe Camus, M.D.
Dijon, France
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Drugs
Patterns
Botulinum toxin (BOTOX)
1
IX.i
Respiratory arrest - Apnea
1
Last update :
10/02/2015
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Identify causative drugs
Diagnosing DIRD
1
Drug and radiation history
2
Drug singularity - Correct identification of the drug
3
Consistent timing of exposure v. onset of symptoms
4
Clinical, imaging, BAL, pathological pattern consistent with the specific drug
5
Careful exlusion of another cause
6
Remission of symptoms with removal of drug
7
Recurrence with rechallenge (rarely advisable)
8
Causality assessment
More detailed checklist
Publications
Case of iatrogenic botulism after botulinotherapy in clinical practice.
Botulism-like syndrome after injections of botulinum toxin.