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Diagnosing DIRD
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The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website
Philippe Camus, M.D.
Dijon, France
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Drugs
Patterns
Lidocaine (lignocaine, xylocaine)
3
XI.a
Cyanosis, a low SpO2 and normal measured PaO2
1
See under XIVa: Methemoglobinemia
Last update :
15/02/2013
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Identify causative drugs
Diagnosing DIRD
1
Drug and radiation history
2
Drug singularity - Correct identification of the drug
3
Consistent timing of exposure v. onset of symptoms
4
Clinical, imaging, BAL, pathological pattern consistent with the specific drug
5
Careful exlusion of another cause
6
Remission of symptoms with removal of drug
7
Recurrence with rechallenge (rarely advisable)
8
Causality assessment
More detailed checklist
See also under
Anesthetic agents (local, topical)
Xylocaine
Publications
Benzocaine and lidocaine induced methemoglobinemia after bronchoscopy: a case report.