X.f

Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal)

An absolute emergency. Anaphylaxis and  anaphylactoid reactions (Review at PMID 28800865). Drug-induced anaphylaxis can be fatal (PMID 25280385). Drugs (NSAIDs, antibiotics, RCM) are foremost as a cause of anaphylaxis (PMID: 25553259). Expression is more severe and treatment more difficult in patients who were receiving beta-blockers prior to the episode (PMID 6114116, 6146275). Angioedema, bronchospasm, shock common. Consider i.m. epinephrine and liberal fluid administration quickly. See also under shock (XIIn ) and PMID 17378256 & 22467837. Anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid reactions usually develop unexpectedly. Can be severe and/or prolonged. Fatal in about 2%. Clinically, anaphylaxis is a systemic reaction with flushing, cramping, shock, laryngeal edema, bronchospasm, pulmonary edema, arrhythmia, cardiac arrest, empty vena cava syndrome, and/or the locked lung. Can lead to death within minutes from angioedema, bronchospasm, cardiac arrest and/or pulmonary edema (PMID: 16916722, 22467837, 28611774). Rechallenge with the drug for diagnostic purposes must be avoided. See also under IVb, VIIIa and b and X. Guidelines at PMID 15753926. Reviews, epidemiologic surveys at PMID 10823122, 12733472, 15073989, 16916722, 1789822,19217731, 19901808, 22987983, 22467837, 23741979, 24881890, 25538414, 29950872. Operative anaphylaxis is a severe form of anaphylaxis: PMID 19143700, 24251246, 22467837. All drugs that cause anaphylaxis may not be listed here. Guidelines, see also under PMID 24909803 and http://publications.nice.org.uk/anaphylaxis-assessment-to-confirm-an-anaphylactic-episode-and-the-decision-to-refer-after-emergency-cg134/introductionA series of DI anaphylaxis with >1000 cases has been published in 2017 (PMID 29086147).

Last update : 01/01/1970
 

Causative drugs

226

Bevacizumab

I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD)
II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury
III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)
III.c III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.c - Hemoptysis
III.g III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.g - Bleeding/hemorrhage from/around preexisting lung tumor (Localized AH)
III.h III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.h - Major/massive hemoptysis
III.k III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.k - Epistaxis
IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma
V.f V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.f - Pneumothorax
VI.a VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.a - Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism
VI.b VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.b - Pulmonary arterial hypertension
VIII.o VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.o - Perforation of the nasal septum
VIII.r VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.r - Tracheal/large airway necrosis, chondronecrosis, perforation
VIII.ab VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.ab - Airway (e.g. tracheoesophageal) fistula
X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal)
X.s X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.s - Vasculitis, pulmonary (w/wo AH), extrapulmonary, systemic: ANCA-positive
XI.w XI - Miscellaneous
XI.w - Cavitation/necrosis of lung tumor or metastases
XII.a XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.a - Left or biventricular dysfunction/failure
XII.e XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.e - Takotsubo (stress) cardiomyopathy
XII.f XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.f - Cardiomyopathy (acute, subacute, chronic)
XII.g XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.g - Coronary artery disease (acute) - Myocardial ischemia/infarction
XII.ai XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.ai - Cardiotoxicity
XII.aj XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.aj - Systemic arterial thrombosis
XII.at XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.at - Aortitis
XVI.ab XVI - Imaging
XVI.ab - Imaging: Cavitating/cavitary lung nodule, mass or nodules (see also Iq, XIs, XIIi, XVIaa and XVIIp)
XVI.af XVI - Imaging
XVI.af - Imaging: Lung cysts or bullae (see also XVI ah/bf)
XVI.bf XVI - Imaging
XVI.bf - Imaging: Tumoral cavitation
1

COVID19 (SARS-CoV2) vaccination/vaccine

I.a I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS)
I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD)
I.c I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia)
I.y I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.y - Progression, acceleration or exacerbation of preexisting ILD/fibrosis
I.ad I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.ad - Radiation recall pneumonitis
I.ay I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.ay - Unilateral interstitial lung disease
II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury
II.d II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.d - Pulmonary edema, cardiogenic
III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)
III.m III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.m - Coagulopathy
VI.a VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.a - Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism
VI.b VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.b - Pulmonary arterial hypertension
VI.ac VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.ac - Pulmonary infarction
IX.r IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.r - Myasthenia gravis - Myasthenic-like syndrome
IX.y IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.y - A flare or relapse of preexisting myasthenia gravis
IX.ab IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.ab - Guillain-Barré (or GB-like) syndrome (w/wo ARF)
X.b X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.b - Antiphospholipid antibodies w/wo the APL syndrome
X.d X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.d - Lupus - Lupus syndrome (see also Vd)
X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal)
X.h X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.h - Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss)
X.j X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.j - Myopathy-Myositis-Polymyositis (see also under Xba)
X.m X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.m - Vascultis (pulmonary, extrathoracic or systemic)-ANCA status unknown or negative)
X.s X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.s - Vasculitis, pulmonary (w/wo AH), extrapulmonary, systemic: ANCA-positive
X.aj X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.aj - Polyarteritis nodosa-like condition
X.be X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.be - A flare of preexisting immune-mediated systemic/rheumatic disease
X.bf X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.bf - Anti-Jo-1 syndrome
X.bg X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.bg - IgA vasculitis
X.bh X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.bh - Protracted, prolonged anaphylaxis
XI.b XI - Miscellaneous
XI.b - Chest pain (acute or subacute), lone or prominent
XII.a XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.a - Left or biventricular dysfunction/failure
XII.c XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.c - Pericardial effusion (w/wo tamponade)
XII.d XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.d - Myocarditis (can be fulminant)
XII.e XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.e - Takotsubo (stress) cardiomyopathy
XII.h XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.h - Eosinophilic myocarditis
XII.k XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.k - Constrictive pericarditis - Pericardial thickening
XII.l XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.l - Cardiac arrhythmias or dysrhythmias (AF, VT, VF, TdP)
XII.m XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.m - Cardiac- cardiorespiratory/pulmonary arrest
XII.q XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.q - Pericarditis (see also under XIIc)
XII.ai XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.ai - Cardiotoxicity
XII.bf XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.bf - Myopericarditis (see under XIIc/d/g)
XV.a XV - Pathology
XV.a - Path: NSIP-cellular pattern (see also Ia, Ib)
XV.c XV - Pathology
XV.c - Path: Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (see also Id)
XVI.b XVI - Imaging
XVI.b - Imaging: Ground-glass opacities (GGO) / shadowing
XVI.c XVI - Imaging
XVI.c - Imaging: A mosaic pattern of attenuation
XVI.ay XVI - Imaging
XVI.ay - Imaging: Asymmetrical, predominantly unilateral involvement
XIX.a XIX - Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA
XIX.a - BAL: An excess proportion of lymphocytes
XIX.c XIX - Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA
XIX.c - BAL: An excess proportion of eosinophils
2

Chemotherapy, antineoplastic

I.a I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS)
I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD)
I.c I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia)
I.d I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.d - Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging)
I.f I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.f - Acute fibrinous organizing pneumonia (AFOP)
I.g I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.g - Pulmonary fibrosis
I.h I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.h - Subclinical pulmonary infiltrates/ILD
I.k I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.k - Lung nodule or nodules
I.l I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.l - Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) (see alsoo under IIb and XVf)
I.m I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.m - ILD with a granulomatous component
I.n I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.n - Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP)
I.v I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.v - Abnormal lung function/pulmonary physiology (PFTs) without necessarily imaging or clinical evidence
I.w I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.w - Rapidly progressive ILD/pulmonary fibrosis (Hamman-Rich syndrome)
I.x I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.x - Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE)
I.y I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.y - Progression, acceleration or exacerbation of preexisting ILD/fibrosis
I.aa I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.aa - Delayed ILD, -pneumonitis, -fibrosis
I.ad I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.ad - Radiation recall pneumonitis
I.au I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.au - The chemotherapy lung
II.a II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE)
II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury
II.c II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.c - ARDS and the hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS)
II.d II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.d - Pulmonary edema, cardiogenic
III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)
IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma
IV.k IV - Airway involvement
IV.k - Bronchiectasis
V.a V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.a - Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (May commpany ILDs)
V.f V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.f - Pneumothorax
V.ab V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.ab - Pneumothorax, bilateral
VI.b VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.b - Pulmonary arterial hypertension
VI.c VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.c - Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease
VI.f VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.f - Hemolytic and uremic syndrome (HUS). See also under Xaf
VII.a VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.a - Lymphadenopathy (intrathoracic)
VII.h VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.h - Pneumomediastinum
VIII.a VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.a - Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death)
VIII.t VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.t - Vocal cord paresis/paralysis
IX.f IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.f - Hiccup
IX.j IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.j - Phrenic nerve injury - Hemi- or bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis
IX.o IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.o - Pneumorachis
X.c X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.c - Capillary leak syndrome (CLS)
X.d X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.d - Lupus - Lupus syndrome (see also Vd)
X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal)
X.g X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.g - Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement)
X.k X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.k - Sarcoid-like granulomatosis (endo-/extrathoracic)
X.n X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.n - Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS)
XI.b XI - Miscellaneous
XI.b - Chest pain (acute or subacute), lone or prominent
XI.n XI - Miscellaneous
XI.n - Neutropenia, agranulocytosis (w/wo infection/sepsis)
XI.w XI - Miscellaneous
XI.w - Cavitation/necrosis of lung tumor or metastases
XII.a XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.a - Left or biventricular dysfunction/failure
XII.b XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.b - Valvular heart disease and/or dysfunction
XII.c XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.c - Pericardial effusion (w/wo tamponade)
XII.e XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.e - Takotsubo (stress) cardiomyopathy
XII.f XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.f - Cardiomyopathy (acute, subacute, chronic)
XII.g XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.g - Coronary artery disease (acute) - Myocardial ischemia/infarction
XII.l XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.l - Cardiac arrhythmias or dysrhythmias (AF, VT, VF, TdP)
XII.s XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.s - Heart block (bundle branch- or AV-)
XII.ai XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.ai - Cardiotoxicity
XII.bv XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.bv - Atrial fibrillation
XIII.a XIII - Neoplastic conditions
XIII.a - Lung cancer
XIII.b XIII - Neoplastic conditions
XIII.b - Lymphoproliferative disease (pulmonary, endobronchial, endothoracic)
XIII.d XIII - Neoplastic conditions
XIII.d - Malignant mesothelioma (pleural, pericardial)
XV.c XV - Pathology
XV.c - Path: Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (see also Id)
XV.d XV - Pathology
XV.d - Path: Acute fibrinous organizing pneumonia (AFOP-pattern) (see also If)
XV.f XV - Pathology
XV.f - Path: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD-pattern) (see also IL)
XV.i XV - Pathology
XV.i - Path: Pneumocyte atypia (reactive epithelial cells) (a.k.a. the "Napoleon Hat" sign)
XV.l XV - Pathology
XV.l - Path: Pulmonary fibrosis (not otherwise specified or unclassifiable)
XV.ak XV - Pathology
XV.ak - Path: Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD)
XV.am XV - Pathology
XV.am - Path: Thrombosis in pulmonary arterioles/venules
XV.ba XV - Pathology
XV.ba - Path: Granulomatous lymphadenopathy
XVI.ab XVI - Imaging
XVI.ab - Imaging: Cavitating/cavitary lung nodule, mass or nodules (see also Iq, XIs, XIIi, XVIaa and XVIIp)
XVI.af XVI - Imaging
XVI.af - Imaging: Lung cysts or bullae (see also XVI ah/bf)
XVI.bf XVI - Imaging
XVI.bf - Imaging: Tumoral cavitation
XVI.bl XVI - Imaging
XVI.bl - Imaging: An area or areas of avid tracer uptake in the lung/chest on 18F-PET scan
XVI.bw XVI - Imaging
XVI.bw - Imaging: Air or an air crescent around lung tumor or metastase(s)
XVII.b XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.b - Opportunistic pulmonary/systemic infections
XVII.c XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.c - Aspergillosis, pulmonary (invasive, allergic [ABPA], or mycetoma)
XVII.e XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.e - Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia
XVII.g XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.g - Tuberculosis (pulmonary, pulmonary, extrapulmonary or disseminated). Reactivation or de novo
XVII.j XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.j - Mucormycosis (pulmonary, tracheobronchial or systemic)
XVII.r XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.r - Fungal infection (pulmonary/extrapulmonary)
XVII.af XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.af - Reactivation of a prior pulmonary infection (TB, melioidosis)
XIX.g XIX - Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA
XIX.g - BAL: Atypical epithelial cells (at times poetically named
3